Optimization & Operations Research
Model real decisions with linear and integer programming, networks, queues, simulation and decision trees, then present the results so managers act on them.
Leads to: Operations Research Analyst
Before you start
This course builds on Calculus & Linear Algebra for STEM and Probability & Statistical Inference. Take them first if you are new to the topic.
About this course
This mid-level course is for learners heading toward a career as an operations research analyst. It builds on Calculus & Linear Algebra and Probability & Statistical Inference and turns them into the tools OR analysts use to recommend decisions. The first module covers linear programming: formulating decision variables, objectives and constraints, the graphical method and the simplex method, and solving models in Python with scipy's linprog and PuLP. The second module adds integer and network models: binary variables for yes/no decisions, shortest paths and the transportation problem, and staff scheduling. The third module deals with uncertainty: M/M/1 and multi-server queueing formulas, discrete-event simulation of a service line, and decision trees with expected value and the value of information. The last module is about practice: reading shadow prices and reduced costs, scoping a supply-chain project from the first meeting to the handover, and presenting a model to managers, with a look at OR careers. Eight lessons end with a Python exercise you run in your browser (numpy is available; scipy and PuLP are taught in the reading), and the examples use small, made-up data. Many OR roles ask for a master's degree in operations research, industrial engineering or analytics; the course helps you prepare and build a portfolio but does not replace that education.
Course content
Module 1
Linear Programming
3 lessons · 1h 54mFormulate decisions as linear programs, solve two-variable models by the graphical and simplex methods, and solve larger ones in Python.
- 42mFormulating modelsReading
Turn a business decision into decision variables, an objective and constraints.
- 38mGraphical method and simplexReading
Solve a two-variable linear program by checking its corner points and see how the simplex method moves between them.
- 34mSolving with PythonReading
Solve linear programs in Python with scipy's linprog and PuLP, and build a small simplex solver in numpy.
Module 2
Integer and Network Models
3 lessons · 1h 49mModel yes/no decisions with binary variables, solve shortest path and transportation problems, and build a staff schedule.
- 33mInteger programmingReading
Model yes/no decisions and logical rules with binary variables, and see why rounding an LP answer is not enough.
- 37mNetwork flows and routingReading
Find shortest paths with Dijkstra's algorithm and solve a transportation problem at minimum shipping cost.
- 39mSchedulingReading
Build a shift scheduling model with a coverage matrix and find the fewest staff that cover demand.
Module 3
Uncertainty
3 lessons · 1h 43mEstimate waits with queueing formulas, simulate a service line, and compare risky options with decision trees.
- 45mQueueing modelsReading
Compute utilization, queue length and waiting time for an M/M/1 queue, and size a multi-server system with Erlang C.
- 29mDiscrete-event simulationReading
Simulate a single-server service line with random arrivals and check the results against queueing theory.
- 29mDecision analysisReading
Build a decision tree, roll it back with expected values, and measure how much information is worth.
Module 4
OR in Practice
3 lessons · 2h 6mRead sensitivity reports, run an OR project from scoping to handover, and present a model so managers can act on it.
- 23mSensitivity analysisReading
Read shadow prices, reduced costs and allowable ranges to answer what-if questions about a linear program.
- 1h 5mAn OR project end to endReading
Follow a supply-chain optimization project from the first meeting to the handover, and scope one yourself.
- 38mPresenting modelsReading
Explain an optimization model and its trade-offs to managers, and see what an operations research career requires.